Ngokusho kwedatha yakamuva yentela, ukuguquguquka kokuhweba kweShayina kwe-dichloromethane (DCM) kanye ne-tricchloromethane (TCM) ngoFebhuwari 2025 kanye nezinyanga ezimbili zokuqala zonyaka kwembule ukuthambekela okuhlukile, okubonisa ukuguquguquka kwesidingo somhlaba wonke kanye namakhono okukhiqiza asekhaya.
I-Dichloromethane: Ukuthunyelwa Kwamanye Amazwe Kukhuthaza Ukukhula
NgoFebhuwari 2025, iShayina yangenisa amathani angu-9.3 e-dichloromethane, okubonisa ukwanda okukhulu okungu-194.2% unyaka nonyaka. Kodwa-ke, ukungeniswa okuhlanganisiwe kukaJanuwari-Febhuwari 2025 kube ngamathani angu-24.0, kwehle ngo-64.3% uma kuqhathaniswa nesikhathi esifanayo ngo-2024.
Ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kulandise indaba ehlukile. UFebhuwari wabona amathani angu-16,793.1 e-DCM athunyelwe kwamanye amazwe, ukwanda okungu-74.9% unyaka nonyaka, kuyilapho ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe okuhlanganisiwe ezinyangeni ezimbili zokuqala kufinyelele amathani angu-31,716.3, okwenyuke ngo-34.0%. INingizimu Korea ivele njengendawo ehamba phambili ngoFebhuwari, ingenisa amathani angu-3,131.9 (18.6% wokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe okuphelele), kulandelwa iTurkey (amathani angu-1,675.9, 10.0%) kanye ne-Indonesia (amathani angu-1,658.3, 9.9%). Kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya kuFebhuwari, iNingizimu Korea igcine ukuhola kwayo ngamathani angu-3,191.9 (10.1%), kanti iNigeria (amathani angu-2,672.7, 8.4%) kanye ne-Indonesia (amathani angu-2,642.3, 8.3%) zikhuphuke ezikhundleni.
Ukwanda okukhulu kokuthunyelwa kwe-DCM kugcizelela ukukhula kwamakhono okukhiqiza aseShayina kanye namanani okuncintisana emakethe yomhlaba wonke, ikakhulukazi ezincibilikisini zezimboni kanye nezicelo zemithi. Abahlaziyi bathi ukukhula kubangelwa ukwanda kwesidingo esivela kwezomnotho ezisafufusa kanye nokulungiswa kochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwezimakethe ezibalulekile zase-Asia.
I-Trichloromethane: Ukuthunyelwa Kwempahla Kuyehla Kugqamisa Izinselele Zemakethe
Ukuhweba nge-Trichloromethane kwadweba isithombe esibuthakathaka. NgoFebhuwari 2025, iShayina yangenisa amathani angaphansi kuka-0.004 e-TCM, kanti ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwehle ngo-62.3% unyaka nonyaka kwaya kumathani angu-40.0. Ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe okuhlanganisiwe ngoJanuwari-Febhuwari kwabonisa lo mkhuba, kwehle ngo-100.0% kwaya kumathani angu-0.004, kanti ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwehle ngo-33.8% kwaya kumathani angu-340.9.
INingizimu Korea ibuse ukuthunyelwa kwe-TCM kwamanye amazwe, yathola u-100.0% wezimpahla ezithunyelwe ngoFebhuwari (amathani angu-40.0) kanye no-81.0% (amathani angu-276.1) ezinyangeni ezimbili zokuqala. I-Argentina neBrazil ngayinye yabala u-7.0% (amathani angu-24.0) wesamba phakathi kukaJanuwari noFebhuwari.
Ukwehla kokuthunyelwa kwe-TCM kwamanye amazwe kubonisa ukwehla kwesidingo somhlaba wonke, okungenzeka kuhlotshaniswe nemithethonqubo yezemvelo eqeda ukusetshenziswa kwayo eziqandisini kanye nokulawula okuqinile kwezicelo ezihlobene ne-chlorofluorocarbon (CFC). Ababukeli bemboni baphawula ukuthi ukugxila kweShayina kwezinye izindlela eziluhlaza kungase kuphazamise ukukhiqizwa kanye nokuhweba kwe-TCM esikhathini esiphakathi.
Imiphumela Yemakethe
Izindlela ezihlukene ze-DCM kanye ne-TCM ziqokomisa izitayela ezibanzi emkhakheni wamakhemikhali. Ngenkathi i-DCM izuza ngokuguquguquka kwayo ekukhiqizeni nasezincibilikisini, i-TCM ibhekene nezimo eziphuthumayo ngenxa yezingcindezi zokusimama. Indima yaseShayina njengomthumeli omkhulu we-DCM cishe izoqina, kodwa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezikhethekile ze-TCM zingase ziqhubeke nokuncipha ngaphandle kokuthi kuvele ukusetshenziswa okusha kwezimboni.
Abathengi bomhlaba wonke, ikakhulukazi e-Asia nase-Afrika, kulindeleke ukuthi bathembele kakhulu ezintweni ezithengiswayo zaseShayina ze-DCM, kanti izimakethe ze-TCM zingase zishintshele kubakhiqizi bamakhemikhali abakhethekile noma izifunda ezinezinqubomgomo zemvelo ezingaqinile kangako.
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