Izincibilikisi zamakhemikhali yizinto ezincibilikisa i-solute, okuholela esixazululweni. Badlala indima ebalulekile ezimbonini ezehlukene, ezihlanganisa ezemithi, upende, okokunamathela, nemikhiqizo yokuhlanza. Ukuhlukahluka kwezincibilikisi zamakhemikhali kuzenza zibaluleke kakhulu kuzo zombili izilungiselelo zezimboni nezaselabhorethri.
Omunye wemisebenzi eyinhloko yezincibilikisi zamakhemikhali ukwenza kube lula ukusabela kwamakhemikhali. Embonini yezemithi, ngokwesibonelo, izincibilikisi zisetshenziselwa ukukhipha izithako ezisebenzayo ezintweni ezingavuthiwe, okuqinisekisa ukuthi imithi iyasebenza futhi iphephile ukuthi isetshenziswe. Izinyibilikisi ezivamile kulo mkhakha zihlanganisa i-ethanol, i-methanol, ne-acetone, ngayinye ekhethelwe ikhono layo lokuncibilikisa izinhlanganisela ezithile.
Embonini yepende neyokumboza, ama-solvents amakhemikhali abalulekile ekufinyeleleni ukufana okufunayo kanye nezakhiwo zokufaka isicelo. Zisiza ekunciphiseni upende, okuvumela ukusetshenziswa okushelelayo kanye nezikhathi zokumisa ngokushesha. Izincibilikisi ezifana ne-toluene ne-xylene zivame ukusetshenziswa, kodwa izinhlanganisela zazo ze-volatile organic (VOCs) zingadala izingozi zemvelo nempilo. Ngenxa yalokho, kunomkhuba okhulayo obheke ekuthuthukisweni kwe-low-VOC kanye nezincibilikisi ezisekelwe emanzini.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izincibilikisi zamakhemikhali zibalulekile emikhiqizweni yokuhlanza, lapho zisiza khona ekuncibilikiseni amafutha, uwoyela nokunye ukungcola. Izincibilikisi ezifana ne-isopropyl alcohol ne-ethyl acetate zivame ukutholakala ezihlanzini zasendlini nezimboni, okuzenza ziphumelele ekugcineni inhlanzeko nokuhlanzeka.
Nokho, ukusetshenziswa kwezincibilikisi zamakhemikhali kunezinselele. Izincibilikisi eziningi zendabuko ziyingozi, okuholela emithethweni eqinile mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwazo nokulahlwa kwazo. Lokhu kuye kwashukumisela abacwaningi nabakhiqizi ukuthi bafune ezinye izindlela eziphephile, njengezincibilikisi ezisekelwe ku-bio ezitholakala ezinsizeni ezivuselelekayo.
Sengiphetha, izincibilikisi zamakhemikhali ziyizingxenye ezibalulekile ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene, ezenza kube lula izinqubo ezisukela ekwakhiweni kwezidakamizwa kuye ekuhlanzeni okungaphezulu. Njengoba isidingo sezinketho eziphephile nezimeme kakhudlwana sikhula, ikusasa lezincibilikisi zamakhemikhali cishe lizobona izinto ezintsha ezihloselwe ukwehlisa umthelela wendawo ngenkathi kugcinwa ukusebenza kahle.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-07-2025