-
I-Phthalic Anhydride (PA) Inombolo ye-CAS: 85-44-9
Ukubuka Konke Komkhiqizo
I-Phthalic Anhydride (PA) iyinto ebalulekile yamakhemikhali ephilayo, ekhiqizwa kakhulu yi-oxidation ye-ortho-xylene noma i-naphthalene. Ibonakala njengekristalu elimhlophe elinephunga elincane elicasulayo. I-PA isetshenziswa kabanzi ekukhiqizweni kwama-plasticizer, ama-polyester resins angagcwali, ama-alkyd resins, amadayi, kanye nemibala, okwenza kube yindawo ebalulekile embonini yamakhemikhali.
Izici Eziyinhloko
- Ukusabela Okuphezulu:I-PA iqukethe amaqembu e-anhydride, asabela kalula kuma-alcohols, ama-amine, kanye nezinye izinto ukuze akhe ama-ester noma ama-amides.
- Ukuncibilika Okuhle:Incibilika emanzini ashisayo, ama-alcohol, ama-ether, kanye nezinye izinyibilikisi eziphilayo.
- Ukuzinza:Izinzile ngaphansi kwezimo ezomile kodwa i-hydrolyze kancane kancane ibe yi-phthalic acid uma kukhona amanzi.
- Ukuguquguquka:Isetshenziswa ekuhlanganiseni imikhiqizo eminingi yamakhemikhali, okwenza kube lula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa.
Izicelo
- Izinto zokwenziwa ngepulasitiki:Isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ama-ester e-phthalate (isb., i-DOP, i-DBP), asetshenziswa kabanzi emikhiqizweni ye-PVC ukuthuthukisa ukuguquguquka kanye nokucutshungulwa kalula.
- Ama-Resins e-Polyester Angagcwali:Isetshenziswa ekwenziweni kwe-fiberglass, izembozo, kanye nezinamathiselo, inikeza izakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zemishini kanye nokumelana namakhemikhali.
- Ama-resin e-Alkyd:Isetshenziswa kupende, ukumbozwa, kanye nama-varnish, okunikeza ukunamathela okuhle nokucwebezelayo.
- Amadayi kanye nama-Pigment:Isebenza njengomxhumanisi ekuhlanganisweni kwamadayi nama-pigment e-anthraquinone.
- Ezinye Izinhlelo Zokusebenza:Kusetshenziswa ekukhiqizweni kwemithi exubile, izibulala-zinambuzane, kanye namaphunga.
Ukupakisha Nokugcina Izinto
- Ukupakisha:Itholakala ngezikhwama ezingama-25 kg/isikhwama, ezingama-500 kg/isikhwama, noma ezingamathani. Izinketho zokupakisha ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ziyatholakala uma ucela.
- Isitoreji:Gcina endaweni epholile, eyomile, futhi enomoya omuhle. Gwema ukuthintana nomswakama. Izinga lokushisa elinconywayo lokugcina: 15-25℃.
Izinto Okufanele Uzicabangele Zokuphepha Nezemvelo
- Ukucasuka:I-PA iyacasula isikhumba, amehlo, kanye nohlelo lokuphefumula. Imishini yokuzivikela efanele (isib. amagilavu, izibuko, ama-respirator) kumele igqokwe ngesikhathi sokuphatha.
- Ukuvutha:Iyasha kodwa ayishisi kakhulu. Gcina kude namalangabi avulekile kanye namazinga okushisa aphezulu.
- Umthelela Wezemvelo:Lahla izinto ezilahliwe ngokuhambisana nemithetho yendawo yemvelo ukuze uvimbele ukungcola.
Xhumana nathi
Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe noma ucele isampula, sicela uxhumane nethimba lethu lokuthengisa. Sizibophezele ekuhlinzekeni ngemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu kanye nensizakalo enhle kakhulu!
-
Isingeniso Somkhiqizo we-Methanol
Ukubuka Konke Komkhiqizo
I-Methanol (CH₃OH) iwuketshezi olungenambala, olushintshashintshayo olunephunga elincane lotshwala. Njengenhlanganisela yotshwala elula, isetshenziswa kabanzi ezimbonini zamakhemikhali, zamandla, kanye nezemithi. Ingakhiqizwa ngamafutha asetshenziswa kudala (isb. igesi yemvelo, amalahle) noma izinsiza ezivuselelekayo (isb. i-biomass, i-hydrogen eluhlaza + i-CO₂), okwenza kube yinto ebalulekile evumela ukuguquka kwe-carbon ephansi.
Izici Zomkhiqizo
- Ukusebenza Kahle Kokushisa Okuphezulu: Ukushisa okuhlanzekile okune-calorific elinganiselayo kanye nokukhishwa okuphansi komoya.
- Ukugcina Nokuthutha Okulula: Uketshezi olusesilinganisweni sokushisa segumbi, olunwebeka kakhulu kune-hydrogen.
- Ukuguquguquka: Kusetshenziswa kokubili njengokudla okuphekiwe kanye nokwamakhemikhali.
- Ukusimama: “I-methanol eluhlaza” ingafinyelela ukungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni.
Izicelo
1. Amandla kaphethiloli
- Uphethiloli Wezimoto: Uphethiloli we-Methanol (M15/M100) unciphisa ukukhishwa komoya ophumayo.
- Uphethiloli Wasolwandle: Uthatha indawo kaphethiloli osindayo ekuthuthweni (isb., imikhumbi kaMaersk esebenzisa i-methanol).
- Amaseli Kaphethiloli: Anika amandla amadivayisi/ama-drone ngamaseli kaphethiloli e-methanol aqondile (i-DMFC).
2. I-Feedstock yamakhemikhali
- Isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza i-formaldehyde, i-acetic acid, ama-olefin, njll., yepulasitiki, upende, kanye nemicu yokwenziwa.
3. Ukusetshenziswa Okusafufusa
- Isithwali se-Hydrogen: Sigcina/sikhipha i-hydrogen ngokuqhekeka kwe-methanol.
- Ukuvuselelwa Kwekhabhoni: Kukhiqiza i-methanol evela ku-CO₂ hydrogenation.
Imininingwane Yobuchwepheshe
Into Imininingwane Ubumsulwa ≥99.85% Ubuningi (20℃) 0.791–0.793 g/cm³ Indawo Yokubilisa 64.7℃ Iphoyinti Elikhanyayo 11℃ (Ingavutha) Izinzuzo Zethu
- Ukunikezwa Kokugcina: Izixazululo ezihlanganisiwe kusukela ekusetshenzisweni kokudla kuya ekusetshenzisweni kokugcina.
- Imikhiqizo Eyenziwe Ngokwezifiso: I-methanol yezinga lezimboni, yezinga likaphethiloli, kanye ne-methanol yezinga le-elekthronikhi.
Qaphela: I-MSDS (Ishidi Ledatha Lokuphepha Kwezinto) kanye ne-COA (Isitifiketi Sokuhlaziya) kuyatholakala uma kuceliwe.
-
Isingeniso Somkhiqizo we-Diethylene Glycol (DEG)
Ukubuka Konke Komkhiqizo
I-Diethylene Glycol (DEG, C₄H₁₀O₃) iwuketshezi olungenambala, olungenaphunga, oluqinile olunezakhiwo ezi-hygroscopic kanye nokunambitheka okumnandi. Njengengxenye ebalulekile yamakhemikhali, isetshenziswa kabanzi kuma-resin e-polyester, ama-antifreeze, ama-plasticizer, ama-solvents, kanye nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza, okwenza kube yinto eluhlaza ebalulekile embonini yamakhemikhali kaphethroli kanye namakhemikhali amahle.
Izici Zomkhiqizo
- Indawo Yokubilisa Ephakeme: ~245°C, ifanele izinqubo zokushisa okuphezulu.
- I-Hygroscopic: Imunca umswakama emoyeni.
- Ukuncibilika Okuhle Kakhulu: Kuxutshwa namanzi, ama-alcohol, ama-ketone, njll.
- Ubuthi Obuphansi: Bunobuthi obuncane kune-ethylene glycol (EG) kodwa budinga ukuphathwa ngokuphephile.
Izicelo
1. Ama-Polyester nama-Resin
- Ukukhiqizwa kwama-resin e-polyester angagcwali (i-UPR) okwembozwa kanye ne-fiberglass.
- Isithambisi sama-resin epoxy.
2. Izinto Zokuvimbela Ukuqandisa kanye Neziqandisi
- Izinhlobo zokuvimbela ukuqandisa ezinobuthi obuphansi (ezixutshwe ne-EG).
- I-ejenti yokuqeda amanzi ngegesi yemvelo.
3. Izinto Zokwenza Ipulasitiki Nezinyibilikisi
- Isinyibilikisi se-nitrocellulose, uyinki, kanye nezinto zokunamathisela.
- Isithambisi sendwangu.
4. Ezinye Izindlela Zokusebenzisa
- Isithambisi sikagwayi, isisekelo sezimonyo, ukuhlanzwa kwegesi.
Imininingwane Yobuchwepheshe
Into Imininingwane Ubumsulwa ≥99.0% Ubuningi (20°C) 1.116–1.118 g/cm³ Indawo Yokubilisa 244–245°C Iphoyinti Elikhanyayo 143°C (Ingasha)
Ukupakisha Nokugcina Izinto
- Ukupakisha: Izigubhu ze-galvanized ezingama-250kg, amathangi e-IBC.
- Indawo Yokugcina: Ivaliwe, yomile, inomoya, kude nama-oxidizer.
Amanothi Okuphepha
- Ingozi Yempilo: Sebenzisa amagilavu/izibuko ukuze ugweme ukuthintana.
- Isexwayiso Sobuthi: Ungadli (okumnandi kodwa okunobuthi).
Izinzuzo Zethu
- Ukuhlanzeka Okuphezulu: I-QC eqinile enokungcola okuncane.
- Ukunikezwa Okuguquguqukayo: Ukupakisha okuningi/okwenziwe ngokwezifiso.
Qaphela: Imibhalo ye-COA, i-MSDS, kanye ne-REACH iyatholakala.